Origin of LCP logo
2009/10/28 at 4:01 am | In Infrastructure, Thought | Leave a Comment
This is the “eureka” lighting folks.
Greek Nonword Reading
2009/09/05 at 7:39 pm | In Cognition, Research | Leave a CommentThis presentation deeply connects with the orthography-to-phonology correspondence issue which has been broadly investigaged in English literatures but infrequently cared in the other lanaguages. Protopapas was interested in a graphophonemic case of Greek, his native language, that might be stored as a form of cateograical rule in Greek readers’ mind. In addition to 95% of feedforward consistent graphophonemic correspondences, the /i/ in the syllable strucute CiV could be pronunceable or read palatally. Protopapas attempt to confirm wheather the the pronunciation of nonwords reflect the regular rules compromised the real words. This observation would be evident when the nonwords were generally pronunced as /i/ or palatal in consideration of the neighborhood aspects. In the final part, they failed to isolate the regular reading of CiV words and proposed an argument to rethink the theoretical implications of DRC model.
In Protopapas’ corpus survey, there are 79,825 CiV words (by type and by token) which could be pronunced /i/ or palatal. Because it is impossible to figure out which pronunciation pattern is “regular”, he decide the major pronuciation type of a CiV sequence by the type and token frequency (2:1). The principle of DRC would predict both kinds of pronuciations would be the “regular reading” of CiV words: the reading pattern will be consistent with the default pronunciation of source words or the majority pronunciation. His study firstly classifies the CiV words into four groups according to the source words pronunciation ( /i/ or palatal) and the group majority pronuciation (/i/ versus palatal). Then ecah word generates two pronunceable nonwords: one had one letter modified and the other had several letters modified (In his presented case, the letter sequence mapping CiV keeps contant). Therefore, the final stimuli list had 8 groups of 20 nonwords and 40 unrecognizable nonwords from the CiV words without clear major pronunciation pattern (conflict between type and token).
The primary results are the response rates of /i/ for these critical nonwords. The analysis showed no effect of the number of replaced letters, but this factor interact with the other two factors. For the nonwords similar to the source words, the response rate of /i/ is related to the source word pronunciation rather than the group majority pronunciation. However, this tendency was reversed for the nonwords dissimilar to the source words. This means that the pronuncing Greek words may have no determinatic influence from the GPC rules.
I leave three questions and comments for his study:
Q1: why did not he analyze the effect of source word frequency? Is that because the error rates are the only data for his analysis?
Q2: Their analysis focused on the pronunciation of /i/. Did they consider the consistency between the pronunciation pattern and the source word pronunciation?
Q3: Reaction times of reading these nonwords have no difference among these conditions. Why did not they design an experiment for the source words? This may offer a clear picture for their interpretation.
This study also generate some ideas I can test in the Chinese study:
1. The tendency to read nonwords aloud might rely on the clearest orthography-phonology mapping aspects embedded in the word forms.
2. There will be a solid argument about nonword reading if we have a acceptable findings about real words reading.
3. The theoretical thinking of Chinese character reading should consider the aspects about the phonetics.
Thought in Amsterdam
2009/08/04 at 11:09 am | In Cognition, Thought | Leave a CommentAttending a conference for me is like a mid-term exam, a supply, and a oppotunity to realize who I am. This is my third time I attend CogSci, and its variate approaches has been a normal status for me. The cross-disciplines research approach under “cognition” will generate a variate of research topics in this generation. Being a cognitive scientist must remain this in mind seconds and hours. I also break the root caused my frustration in these months.
The university where I am working is a Buddist university which is built on the medical shcool but is unfamilier with the trend of cogntive science. My arrivial is their first time to open a window for this campus to understand what are the cognitive scientists are thinking on this world. These months I found a mistake I had made since I was applied: I am eager to build my lab and push students toward the core of my research. Most people here are blank paper to the cognitive science which is working to speculate human mind in several sophiscated ways to connect the behavioral data and abstract models. Psychologists have took 100 years develop a standard psycho lab working for this goal. I have take more paitient help the people here to realize the trend of cognitive science have came to them. Putting this goal upon the other personnal research plans will help me expand the space in this campus and whole east Taiwan.
I identy myself a psychologist who criticize each issue according to the connections between the theories and the collected experimental data. This is why only three spoken presentations impressed me in the venue. First is Athanassios Protopapas’ Greek nonword reading, and he is the author of CheckVocal. He has attempted to verify if the orthography-to-phonology rules dominates the behavior of reading Greek nonwords, because almost Greek words are consistent in mapping relations. He assumed the Greek readers will pronunce the nonword by rule if the grapheme-phoneme conversion is the matter. Although I have not realized his detail at this moment, he concluded more alternative factors, such as the neighborhood size, decide the experimental results as well. I am fortune had a talk with him before the end of the conference, and I guess he will be a factor when the day the the Chinese case come to the researchers who care the general othrogray-to-phonology issue.
Seidenberg’s crew brought the second impressed presentation about the inspection of matro behavioral reserach, like ELP. I also made a small test like them: to replicate one published study in terms of factorial design. Like their “virtual experiments” show, no experiments could be perfectly “replicated” by any known behavioral database. Task circumstance should be the matter because every reseracher had the specific arrangement of stimuli list, presentation and response procedure, and the instruction, etc. Their work could be a feedback to the pessimistic view of Balota: the factorial design still has its contribution to theories building.
The third one brought by Laurie Feldman wake my “psychonomic” sense up. She puts her focus on the affection of speaker’s accent on the reader’s/participant’s visual reading. Reasonably she compared three groups of participsnts from the US, Japan, and China. All of her participants read English target words after the aditory primes presented in the accent of native language (for participants) or in the accent of second language. If the accent affects the participants lexical processing, the participants will show more interference when they hear the accent of second langauge. Her data show more interference occured to the American participants compared to the Japaness and Chinese participants. Based on this trend, I asked her immediately if she controlled the experience of living with second lanague for each group of participants. She admitted she did not and will think more problem behid this control. Furthermore, I assume the phonological neighbors accross languages would be the matter of this issue.
Among the book salesmen/women, I huntted three books being helpful for my current status: “Cognitive and cultural influences on eye movements” edited by Keith Rayner et al., “Clear and to the point: 8 psychological principles for compelling PowerPoint presentations” wrote by Stephen Kosslyn, and “LOT2″ worte by Jerry Fodor. Rayner’s articles will establish a plot of eyemovement studies in my mind. Kosslyn’s book is helpful to my poor skill of presentation. Jerry Fodor’s new book updates my knowledge about the debate about concepts among researchers. There will cost me much of time to comprehend and refresh my realization of the recent cognitive science. This is the original motivation I want to learn from congitive scientists: a continuous upgrading research individual and group depending on the open attitude to emerge any benefitial perspectives for the investigation of human mind.
It is upgrade Time!
2009/05/14 at 7:39 pm | In 1 | Leave a CommentToday the leading programmer of DMDX, Jonathan Forster, announced the debut of DMDX 4.0.0.0. Here is the forward message:
“So with all the recent Unicode changes and the just completed changes to the way DMDX handles other applications stealing the focus I decided we really were due for a major number revision even if it didn’t represent a wholesale revision in the code base it certainly represents wholesale changes to the way DMDX operates. So DMDX 4.0.0.0 is up on the website. Among the changes are macros working in Unicode, a small revision to the PIO code that allows it to work in limited privilege environments (without registry privilege hacks anyway) and the new SoldierOn mode. It’s worth noting DMDX 4 still used the values TimeDX 3 writes to the registry. The SoldierOn mode is active with either the command line -soldieron switch or DMDX’s EZ mode and basically allows DMDX to resume operation after another application steals the focus:
-soldieron
Prior to version 4.0.0.0 of DMDX if another application popped up a window or DMDX otherwise somehow lost it’s focus (sticky keys anyone?) it would basically hang up. Control of the machine was possible to get back with Alt-TAB and you could kill off DMDX with the task manager but that run of DMDX was toast. Onus was always on the experimenter to make sure an experimental machine was free of such software, after all if DMDX just recovered from such situations data integrity was sure to suffer, not to mention display integrity (it is possible to have display elements from previous items remain on the screen). Given the advent of remote internet testing it behooves us to make DMDX behave a little better so now the dreaded DDERR_SURFACELOST is caught and the job is terminated gracefully unless SoldierOn mode is activated with -soldieron in which case all display surfaces will be set to the default background color and DMDX will resume execution flagging that an error occurred in the output file (.AZK or .ZIL). Only real issue remaining is Alt-TABbing to the menu window of DMDX where it won’t do anything, one has to Alt-TAB to the first DMDX window (the DX window) and then the job will resume.
/”\
-jonathan (j.c.f.) \ /
X
ASCII RIBBON CAMPAIGN – AGAINST HTML MAIL / \
The best thing about growing older is that it takes such a long time. “
We may be entering the era of unicode.
Spirit of A University
2009/04/01 at 3:49 am | In 1 | Leave a CommentIt has passed a month since I entered the new career as a faculty in Hua-lien. Until now, I am looking for the way to synthesize the teaching and research. After these classes among these weeks and the experience of evaluation and accreditation for ourselves, I realized the belief what an individual graduated from a university should have is what I can count on.
Two major abilities, to summarize information and to critisize an issue, are which a mature individual should have to live independently and contribute himself to this society. Living in a internet era, to collect and filter the coming information in daily life is the routines everyone has to do if he/she has a job or runs for a higher academic acheivement. My duty in a class is to guide a student have a personal system to summarize the new information, and judge the validity and value of a news by themselves. These are the basic abilities for a scholar and a professional worker. In Taiwan, a state with so many universities, the current challenge for the faculties in each college is to improve the abilities of this generation of students. These students will decide the quality of Taiwan after they graduated. To help them gain these basic academic abilities will charge the research energy of mine. I have obtained much of help from the advisors and friends to promote my academic abilities. What I am doing is to pass this spirit to the next generation.
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